Expert predictions for energy in the twenty-first century

Global calls for nuclear power generation to be phased out and an expedited shift to solar and wind energy have persisted since the Chernobyl tragedy, and particularly since the Fukushima Daiichi accident. The risks associated with this kind of energy production and the existence of radioactive waste have always been the main points of contention for those who oppose nuclear power. The situation with the bombing of the Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant adds to the arguments of opponents of nuclear power generation.

But why, for instance, does France continue to run nuclear power plants and has no plans to shut them down while Germany outright rejects it and shuts down nuclear power plants, Japan has essentially given up on developing nuclear power, and Japan is the same country that France sells excess electricity to. Poland’s nuclear energy program will be expanded, modernized, and developed, and many nuclear power plants will be built over the next 20 years, according to a cooperation agreement between the US and Poland signed in October 2020.

 

Why is there not a single, unified position on energy reform as we phase out fossil fuels?

The deputy chairman of the scientific advisory board of the Neutrino Energy Group, L.K. Rumyantsev, Ph.D. in Nuclear Power Plants and Alternative Energy, offered his perspective on the matter.

The cost of electricity produced by nuclear power plants is among the lowest, so nations like Poland, Hungary, India, China, Russia, and many others are very interested in having access to affordable electricity. They are also not afraid of nuclear power, especially now that new reactors are being built with increased levels of protection in case of a global accident. Modern nuclear power plants may operate in both basic and maneuver modes thanks to their operating modes. Plans to construct new power units will be seriously hampered by the determination of not just terrorists but even individual states to destroy and bombard nuclear power stations.

Leonid Rumyantsev: It seems to me that at present only developed countries with high per capita income can afford to switch to alternative energy, primarily solar and wind energy. It is no secret that the price of electricity from these two types of power generation is higher than that from fossil fuels and is, in fact, subsidised. In addition, their critical dependence on weather conditions, the lack of the most favourable locations for wind turbines and solar panels, the unsolved problem of disposal of end-of-life solar panels and wind turbine blades, the need to build expensive storage systems for the excess electricity generated – all these factors are serious constraints to large-scale construction of solar power plants and wind turbines and to reject fossil fuel combustion.

As we know, the price of electricity generated by nuclear power plants is one of the lowest, so countries such as Poland, Hungary, India, China, Russia and many others are extremely interested in receiving cheap electricity, and they are not scared of nuclear power, especially since new units with an increased level of protection in case of a global accident are now being built. The operating modes of modern nuclear power plants allow them to operate not only in basic mode, but also in manoeuvre mode. However, the willingness of not only terrorists but also individual states to sabotage and bombard nuclear power plants will be a serious deterrent to plans to build new power units.

 

Over the past three years, there has been a lot of discussion in the international media on the viability of producing energy through exposure to background radiation fields. Even the phrase „free energy“ has been created. Do you believe that this is a promising path?

Leonid Rumyantsev: The creation of „free energy“ fuelless generators (FGDs) is of great interest, as it would save fossil fuels for future generations. Currently there are two directions of work on BTGs: the impact of permanent magnets on the rotating flywheel, which allows increasing the efficiency of such installation several times, and the second direction is the use of latest nanomaterials for conversion of energy of surrounding radiation fields‘ particles into electric current. This type of installation has no rotating parts, which means that it does not create discomfort in operation and is virtually maintenance-free. It is difficult for me to assess the prospects and outcomes of work in the first area, but the outcomes of work done in Germany by the Neutrino Energy Group, led by doctor of economics and mathematician Holger Thorsten Schubart, are very impressive. Neutrinovoltaic technology enables the production of BTUs of various capacities, including those for electric vehicles. In my opinion, if widely adopted, this development can legitimately claim to be the most significant discovery of the twenty-first century.

 

Many innovations and discoveries in history were not adequately developed and were not valued by their time. Consider the accomplishments of the brilliant Serbian scientist Nikola Tesla in the field of electricity and electric transportation, which modern science has not been able to duplicate to this day.

Leonid Rumyantsev: I agree, without implementation in industry, discoveries, however ingenious they may be, remain only discoveries. But I am sure that the work of Dr Holger Thorsten Schubart will have a different fate. Being not only a scientist, but also a highly professional organiser, he was able to attract the interest of a large investment business, which provided the investment capital to implement the development. The results were rapid, and by the end of 2023 or early 2024, Neutrino Power Cubes will begin licensed commercial production of 5-6 kW net-fuel-free „free energy“ generators for powering buildings in Switzerland. According to the developers, this is currently the most marketable and technologically advanced product.

 

Can you briefly explain the principle of the Neutrino Power Cubes fuel-free generators, their overall dimensions and approximate cost?

Leonid Rumyantsev: The mechanism of electricity generation is based on the property of graphene to exist stably only in the 3D plane due to the peculiarities of its crystal lattice. The vibrations of graphene atoms, which due to the presence of the hexagonal crystal lattice result in wave-like vibrations of the graphene film, are an inexhaustible source of electricity. A single layer of graphene film can generate a very small amount of electric current and is not practical. Scientists at Neutrino Energy Group decided to multilayer the nanomaterial, placing layers of doped silicon between graphene layers, to generate 1.5V voltage and 2A current from a 200x300mm wafer. Neutrinovoltaic technology involves depositing the nanomaterial on a metal foil.

This leads to different poles: the coated side has a positive pole and the uncoated side has a negative pole. Given that the vibrations of graphene atoms depend on the thermal Brownian motion of the atoms and the influence of particles from the surrounding radiation fields of the invisible spectrum, primarily neutrinos, the plates are arranged one above the other, like a stack of writing paper, and pressed together to achieve a stable, consistent connection. This ability to connect the plates ensures that the Neutrino Power Cubes are compact. With a set of such power generating plates, any engineer can design a connection to achieve the desired current and voltage output characteristics of the BTG.

The Neutrino Power Cube with a net capacity of 5-6 kW will be produced in the form of an electrical panel (cabinet), which will be conditionally divided into two compartments: a generating compartment, where electric modules are placed, and a compartment for installing the control system. The generating section has dimensions of 800x400x600mm and weighs approximately 50kg. The control system would include inverters to convert the generated DC power into AC 230 V and 400V. There is also a DC socket for direct connection of computers and various appliances and gadgets. As of today, the estimated price of such a „free energy“ generator, estimated by the Swiss company, is 11000 euros. Based on the level of electricity prices in European countries, the payback period is 2-3 years.

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